127) 2008. Mangano K, Sardesai N, D'Alcamo M, Libra M, Malaguarnera L, Donia M, Bendtzen K, Meroni P, Nicoletti F. In vitro inhibition of enterobacteria-reactive CD4+CD25- T cells and suppression of immunoinflammatory colitis in mice by the novel immunomodulatory agent VGX-1027. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 May 31;586(1-3):313-21.

126) 2008. Mangano K, Sardesai NY, Quattrocchi C, Mazzon E, Cuzzocrea S, Bendtzen K, Meroni PL, Kim JJ, Nicoletti F. Effects of the immunomodulator, VGX-1027, in endotoxin-induced uveitis in Lewis rats. Br J Pharmacol. 2008 Nov;155(5):722-30.

125) 2008. Bodles-Brakhop AM, Draghia-Akli R. DNA vaccination and gene therapy: optimization and delivery for cancer therapy. Expert Rev Vaccines. 2008 Sep;7(7):1085-101.

124) 2008. Rosati M, Valentin A, Jalah R, Patel V, von Gegerfelt A, Bergamaschi C, Alicea C, Weiss D, Treece J, Pal R, Markham P, Marques ETA, August JT, Khan AS, Draghia-Akli R, Felber BK, Pavlakis GN. Increased immune responses in rhesus macaques by DNA vaccination combined with electroporation. Vaccine. 2008 Sep 19;26(40):5223-9.

123) 2008. Yan J, Harris K, Khan AS, Draghia-Akli R, Sewell D, Weiner DB. Cellular immunity induced by a novel HPV18 DNA vaccine encoding an E6/E7 fusion consensus protein in mice and rhesus macaques. Vaccine. 2008 Sep 19;26(40):5210-5.

122) 2008. Draghia-Akli R., Khan AS, Brown PA, Pope MA, Wu L, Hirao LA, Weiner DB. Parameters for DNA vaccination using adaptive constant-current electroporation in mouse and pig models. Vaccine. 2008 Sep 19;26(40):5230-7.

121) 2008. Brown PA, Bodles-Brakhop AM, Draghia-Akli R. Effects of Plasmid Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone Treatment during Heat Stress. DNA Cell Biol. 2008 Aug 23. [Epub ahead of print]

120) 2008. Person R, Bodles-Brakhop AM, Pope MA, Brown PA, Khan AS, Draghia-Akli R. Growth Hormone-releasing Hormone Plasmid Treatment by Electroporation Decreases Offspring Mortality Over Three Pregnancies. Mol Ther. 2008 Nov;16(11):1891-7.

119) 2008. Lang KA, Yan J, Draghia-Akli R, Khan A, Weiner DB. Strong HCV NS3- and NS4A-specific cellular immune responses induced in mice and Rhesus macaques by a novel HCV genotype 1a/1b consensus DNA vaccine. Vaccine. 2008 Aug 8. [Epub ahead of print]

118) 2008. Laddy DJ, Yan J, Kutzler M, Kobasa D, Kobinger GP, Khan AS, Draghia-Akli R, Greenhouse J, Sardesai NY, Weiner DB. Induction of Heterosubtypic Protection Against Pathogenic Human and Avian Influenza Viruses by Synthetic Consensus DNA Antigens. PLoS ONE. 2008 Jun 25;3(6):e2517.

117) 2008. Hirao LA, Wu L, Khan AS, Hokey DA, Yan J, Dai A, Betts MR, Draghia-Akli R, Weiner DB. Combined effects of IL-12 and electroporation enhances the potency of DNA vaccination in macaques. Vaccine. 2008 Jun 13;26(25):3112-20.

116) 2008. Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Mijatovic S, Harhaji L, Miljkovic D,Dabideen D, Cheng KF, Mangano K, Malaponte G, Al-Abed Y, Libra M, Garotta G, Nicoletti F, Stosic-Grujicic S. Anticancer properties of the novel nitric oxide-donating compound (S,R)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid-nitric oxide in vitro and in vivo. Mol Ther 2008 Mar;7(3):510-20.

115) 2008. Storer WA, Thompson Jr. DL, Bondioli KR, Godke RA, Khan AS, Brown PA, Draghia-Akli R, Evaluation of Plasmid Delivery by Electroporation as a Means of Increasing Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Production in Stallions, Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, vol 28, nr.2, p.145-155.

114) 2008. Brown PA, Bodles-Brakhop AM, Draghia-Akli R. Plasmid Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone Therapy in Healthy and Laminitis-Afflicted Horses - Evaluation and Pilot Study. J Gene Med. 2008 May;10(5):564-74.

113) 2008.Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Mijatovic S, Harhaji L, Miljkovic D,Dabideen D, Cheng KF, Mangano K, Malaponte G, Al-Abed Y, Libra M, Garotta G, Nicoletti F, Stosic-Grujicic S.  Anticancer properties of the novel nitric oxide-donating compound (S,R)-3-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazole acetic acid-nitric oxide in vitro and in vivo.  Mol Ther 2008 Mar;7(3):510–20.

112) 2008. Cristillo AD, Galmin L, Restrepo S, Hudacik L, Suschak J, Lewis B, Draghia-Akli R, Aziz N, Weiss D, Markham P, Pal R. HIV-1 Env vaccine comprised of electroporated DNA and protein co-administered with Talabostat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2008 May 23;370(1):22-6.

111) 2008. Draghia-Akli R and Khan AS. Muscle and fat mass modulation in different clinical models. In “Electroporation Protocols: Experimental and Clinical Medicine” ed. Shulin Li. Humana Press, Methods Mol Biol. 2008;423:449-60.

110) 2008. Brown PA, Khan AS, Draghia-Akli R. Delivery of DNA into skeletal muscle in large animals. In “Electroporation Protocols: Experimental and Clinical Medicine” ed. Shulin Li. Humana Press, Methods Mol Biol. 2008;423:215-24.

109) 2008. Cristillo AD, Weiss D, Hudacik L, Restrepo S, Galmin L, Suschak J, Draghia-Akli R, Markham P, Pal R. Persistent antibody and T cell responses induced by HIV-1 DNA vaccine delivered by electroporation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. Feb 1;366(1):29-35.

108) 2008. Curcio C, Khan AS, Amici A, Spadaro M, Quaglino E, Cavallo F, Forni G, Draghia-Akli R. DNA immunization using constant-current electroporation affords long-term protection from autochthonous mammary carcinomas in cancer-prone transgenic mice. Cancer Gene Ther. Feb;15(2):108-14.

107) 2008. Hirao LA, Wu L, Khan AS, Satishchandran A, Draghia-Akli R, Weiner DB. Intradermal/subcutaneous immunization by electroporation improves plasmid vaccine delivery and potency in pigs and rhesus macaques. Vaccine. Jan 17;26(3):440-8.

106) 2007. Draghia-Akli R and Khan AS. In Vivo Electroporation of Gene Sequences for Therapeutic and Vaccination Applications. Recent Patents on DNA & Gene Sequences, 1:207-213.

105) 2007. Stojanovic I, Cuzzocrea S, Mangano K, Mazzon E, Miljkovic D, Wang M, Donia M, Al-Abed Y, Kim J, Nicoletti F, Stosic-Grujicic S, Claesson M, In vitro, ex vivo and in vivo immunopharmacologicalactivities of the isoxazoline compound VGX-1027: Modulation of cytokine synthesis and prevention of both organ-specific and systemic autoimmune diseases in murine models. Clinical Immunology (2007) 123, 311–323.

104) 2007. Stosic-Grujicic S, Cvetkovic I, Mangano K, Fresta M, Maksimovic-Ivanic D, Harhaji L, Popadic D, Momcilovic M, Miljkovic D, Kim J, Al-Abed Y, Nicoletti F,  A Potent Immunomodulatory Compound, (S,R)-3-Phenyl-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxasole Acetic Acid, Prevents Spontaneous and Accelerated Forms of Autoimmune Diabetes in NOD Mice and Inhibits the Immunoinflammatory Diabetes Induced by Multiple Low Doses of Streptozotocin in CBA/H Mice. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2007 320 (3): 1038-1049.

103) Prud’homme GJ, Draghia-Akli R, Wang Q. 2007 Plasmid-based gene therapy of diabetes mellitus [review]. Gene Therapy. 14(7): 553-564.

102) Draghia-Akli R and Khan AS. 2006 Muscle and fat mass modulation in different clinical models. In “Electroporation Protocols: Experimental and Clinical Medicine” ed. Shulin Li. Humana Press. In press.

101) Brown PA, Khan AS, Draghia-Akli R. 2006 Delivery of DNA into skeletal muscle in large animals. In “Electroporation Protocols: Experimental and Clinical Medicine” ed. Shulin Li. Humana Press. In press.

100) Fiorotto ML, Lopez R, Oliver WT, Khan AS, Draghia-Akli R. 2006 Transplacental transfer of a growth hormone releasing hormone peptide from mother to fetus in the rat. DNA and Cell Biology, 25(8): 429–437.

99) Prud’homme GJ, Glinka Y, Khan AS, Draghia-Akli R. 2006 Electroporation for the prevention or treatment of immunological, endocrine and neoplastic diseases [review]. Current Gene Therapy. 6(2): 243-273.

98) Thacker EL, Holtkamp DJ, Khan AS, Brown PA, Draghia-Akli, R. 2006 Plasmid-mediated GHRH efficacy in reducing disease associated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection. Journal of Animal Science. 84(3): 733-742.

97) Draghia-Akli R, Pope MA, Brown PA, Khan AS. 2006 Plasmid-based expression technology using growth hormone releasing hormone: a novel method for physiologically stimulating long term growth hormone secretion [review]. Combinatorial Chemistry and High Throughput Screening. 9(3): 181-185.

96) Draghia-Akli R, Khan AS, Pope MA, Brown PA. 2005 Innovative electroporation for therapeutic and vaccination applications [review]. Gene Therapy and Molecular Biology. 9: 329-338.

95) Khan AS, Pope MA, Draghia-Akli R. 2005 Highly efficient constant-current electroporation increases in vivo plasmid expression. DNA and Cell Biology. 24(12), 810-8.

94) Hebel H, Attra H, Khan AS, Draghia-Akli R. 2006 Successful parallel development and integration of a plasmid-based biologic, container/closure system and electrokinetic delivery device. Vaccine. 24(21):4607-14.

93) Khan AS, Brown PA, Draghia-Akli R. 2005 Plasmid-based growth hormone releasing hormone supplementation and its applications [review]. Current Opinion in Molecular Therapeutics. 7(4): 306-16.

92) Brown PA, Davis WC, Draghia-Akli R. 2004 Immune-enhancing effects of growth hormone-releasing hormone delivered by plasmid injection and electroporation. Molecular Therapy. 10(4):644-651.

91) Draghia-Akli R, Fiorotto ML. 2004 A new plasmid-mediated approach to supplement somatotropin production in pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 82(E. Suppl.):E264-E269.

90) Tone CM, Cardoza DM, Carpenter RH, Draghia-Akli R. 2004 Long-term effects of plasmid-mediated growth hormone releasing hormone in dogs. Cancer Gene Therapy. 11:389-396.

89) Khan AS, Smith LS, Anscombe IW, Cummings KK, Pope MA, Draghia-Akli R. 2005 Growth hormone releasing hormone plasmid supplementation, a potential treatment for cancer cachexia, does not increase tumor growth in nude mice. Cancer Gene Therapy. 12:54-60.

88) Draghia-Akli R, Smith LC. 2003 Electrokinetic Enhancement of Plasmid Delivery In Vivo. In: Templeton NS, Lasic DD (eds) Gene Therapy -- Therapeutic Mechanisms and Strategies. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 245-263.

87) Rabinovsky ED, Draghia-Akli R. 2004 Insulin-like Growth Factor I Plasmid Therapy Promotes In Vivo Angiogenesis. Molecular Therapy. 9(1):46-55.

86) Khan AS, Smith LC, Abruzzese RV, Cummings KK, Pope MA, Brown PA, Draghia-Akli R. 2003 Optimization of Electroporation Parameters for the Intramuscular Delivery of Plasmids in Pigs. DNA and Cell Biology. 22(12):807-814.

85) Khan AS, Anscombe IW, Cummings KK, Pope MA, Smith LC, Draghia-Akli R. 2003 Effects of plasmid-mediated growth hormone-releasing hormone supplementation on LL-2 adenocarcinoma in mice. Molecular Therapy. 8:459-466.

84) Khan AS, Fiorotto ML, Cummings KK, Pope MA, Brown PA, Draghia-Akli R. 2003 Maternal GHRH plasmid administration changes pituitary cell lineage and improves progeny growth of pigs. American Journal of Physiology: Endocrinology and Metabolism. 285:E224-E231.

83) Draghia-Akli R, Ellis KM, Hill LA, Malone PB, Fiorotto ML. 2003 High-efficiency growth hormone releasing hormone plasmid vector administration into skeletal muscle mediated by electroporation in pigs. FASEB Journal. 17:526-528.

82) Draghia-Akli R, Cummings KK, Khan AS, Brown PA, Carpenter RH. 2003 Effects of plasmid-mediated growth hormone releasing hormone supplementation in young, healthy Beagle dogs. Journal of Animal Science. 81:2301-2310.

81) Draghia-Akli R, Hahn KA, King GK, Cummings KK, Carpenter RH. 2002 Effects of plasmid mediated growth hormone releasing-hormone in severely debilitated dogs with cancer. Molecular Therapy. 6:830-836.

80) Draghia-Akli R, Khan AS, Cummings KK, Parghi D, Carpenter RH, Brown PA. 2002 Electrical Enhancement of Formulated Plasmid Delivery in Animals. Technology in Cancer Research & Treatment. 1(5):365-371.

79) Khan AS, Fiorotto ML, Hill LA, Malone PB, Cummings KK, Parghi D, Schwartz RJ, Smith RG, Draghia-Akli R. 2002 Nonhereditary enhancement of progeny growth. Endocrinology. 143:3561-3567.

78) Draghia-Akli R, Malone PB, Hill LA, Ellis KM, Schwartz RJ, Nordstrom JL. 2002 Enhanced animal growth via ligand-regulated growth hormone releasing hormone myogenic-injectable vectors. FASEB. 16:426-428.

77) Draghia-Akli R, Fiorotto ML, Hill LA, Malone PB, Deaver DR, Schwartz RJ. 1999 Myogenic expression of an injectable protease-resistant growth hormone releasing hormone augments long-term growth in pigs. Nature Biotechology. 17(12):1179-1183.

76) Li X, Eastman EM, Schwartz RJ, Draghia-Akli R. 1999 Synthetic muscle promoters: activities exceeding naturally occuring regulatory sequences. Nature Biotechnology. 17:241-245.

75) Draghia-Akli R, Li X, Schwartz RJ. 1997 Enhanced growth by ectopic expression of growth hormone releasing hormone using an injectable myogenic vector. Nature Biotechnology. 15:1285-1289.

74) Ramanathan MP, Chambers JA, Taylor J, Korber BT, Lee MD, Nalca A, Dang K, Pankhong P, Attatippaholkun W, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links.
Expression and evolutionary analysis of West Nile Virus (Merion strain). J Neurovirol. 2005 Dec;11 (6):544-56. PMID: 16338748 [PubMed – in process].

73) Muthumani K, Choo AY, Hwang DS, Dayes NS, Chattergoon M, Mayilvahana S, Thieu KP, Buckley PT, Emmanuel J, Premkumar A, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 Viral protein-r (Vpr) protects against lethal superantigen challenge while maintaining homeostatic T cell levels in vivo. Mol Ther. 2005 Nov;12(5):910-21. Epub 2005 Jul 11. PMID: 16006193 [PubMed – incexed for MEDLINE].

72) Ramanathan MP, Chambers JA, Pankhong P, Chattergoon M, Attatippaholkun W, Dang K, Shah N, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Host cell killing by the West Nile Virus NS2B-NS3 proteolytic complex: NS3 alone is sufficient to recruit caspase-8-based apoptotic pathway. Virology. 2005 Oct 19; [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 16243374 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher].

71) Muthumani K, Choo AY, Hwang DS, Premkumar A, Dayes NS, Harris C, Green DR, Wadsworth SA, Siekierka JJ, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 Nef-induced FasL induction and bystander killing requires p38 MAPK activation. Blood 2005 Sep 15;106(6):2059-68. Epub 2005 May 31. PMID: 15928037 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

70) Otero M, Calarota SA, Dai A, De Groot AS, Boyer JD, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Efficacy of novel plasmid DNA encoding vaccinia antigens in improving current smallpox vaccination strategy. Vaccine. 2005 Aug 30; [Epub ahead of print] PMID: 16137803 [PubMed – as supplied by publisher].

69) Muthumani K, Choo AY, Premkumar A, Hwang DS, Thieu KP, Desai BM, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr-regulated cell death: insights into mechanism. Cell Death Differ. 2005 Aug;12 Suppl 1:962-70. Review. PMID: 15832179 [PubMed – in process].

68) Kutzler MA, Robinson TM, Chattergoon MA, Choo DK, Choo AY, Choe PY, Ramanathan MP, Parkinson R, Kudchodkar S, Tamura Y, Sidhu M, Roopchand V, Kim JJ, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK, Waldmann TA, Boyer JD, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Coimmunization with an optimized IL-15 plasmid results in enhanced function and longevity of CD8 T cells that are partially independent of CD4 T cell help. J Immunol. 2005 Jul 1;175(1):112-23. PMID: 15972637 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

67) Muthumani K, Hwang DS, Choo AY, Mayilvahanan S, Dayes NS, Thieu KP, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 Vpr inhibits the maturation and activation of macrophages and dendritic cells in vitro. Int Immunol. 2005 Feb;17(2):103-16. Epub 2004 Dec 20. PMID: 15611322 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

66) Choo AY, Choo DK, Kim JJ, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links DNA vaccination in immunotherapy of cancer. Cancer Treat Res. 2005;123:137-56. Review. No abstract available. PMID: 16211869 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

65) Muthumani K, Choo AY, Hwang DS, Ugen KE, Weinter DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 Vpr: enhancing sensitivity of tumors to apoptosis. Current Drug Delivery. 2004 Oct;1(4):335-44. PMID: 16305395 [PubMed – in process].

64) Muthumani K, Desai BM, Hwang DS, Choo AY, Laddy DJ, Thieu KP, Rao RG, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 Vpr and anti-inflammatory activity. DNA Cell Biol. 2004 Apr;23(4):239-47. Review. PMID: 15142381 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

63) Muthumani K, Wadsworth SA, Dayes NS, Hwang DS, Choo AY, Abeysinghe HR, Siekierka JJ, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Suppression of HIV-1 viral replication and cellular pathogenesis by a novel p38/JNK kinase inhibitor. AIDS. 2004 Mar 26;18(5):739-48. PMID: 15075508 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

62) Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Keeping the lock on smallpox. Nat Med. 2003 Sep;9(9):1115-6. No abstract available. PMID: 12949522 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

61) Muthumani K, Choo AY, Hwang DS, Chattergoon MA, Dayes NN, Zhang D, Lee MD, Duvvuri U, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Mechanism of HIV-1 viral protein R-induced apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 May 9;304(3):583-92. Review. PMID: 12729593 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

60) Yang JS, Ramanathan MP, Muthumani K, Choo AY, Jin SH, Yu QC, Hwang DS, Choo DK, Lee MD, Dang K, Tang W, Kim JJ, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Induction of inflammation by West Nile virus capsid through the caspase-9 apoptotic pathway. Emerg Infect Dis. 2002 Dec 8;(12):1379-84. Erratum in: Emerg Infect Dis. 2003 Mar;9(3)406. PMID: 12498651 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

59) Ramanathan MP, Curley E 3rd, Su M, Chambers JA, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Carboxyl terminus of hVIP/mov34 is critical for HIV-1-Vpr interaction and glucocorticoid-mediated signaling. J Biol Chem. 2002 Dec 6;277(49):47854-60. Epub 2002 Sep 16. PMID: 12237292 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

58) Muthumani K, Hwang DS, Desai BM, Zhang D, Dayes N, Green DR, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 Vpr induces apoptosis through caspase 9 in T cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Biol Chem. 2002 Oct 4;277(40):37820-31. Epub 2002 Jul 2. PMID: 12095993 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

57) Weiner DB, Kim, JJ. Related Articles, Links. Cancer vaccines: is the future now? Expert Rev Vaccines. 2002 Oct;1(3):257-60. PMID: 12901565 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

56) Muthumani K, Hwang DS, Dayes NS, Kim JJ, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. The HIV-1 accessory gene vpr can inhibit antigen-specific immune function. DNA Cell Biol. 2002 Sep;21(9):689-95. PMID: 12396612 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

55) Muthumani K, Bagarazzi M, Conway D, Hwang DS, Ayyavoo V, Zhang D, Manson K, Kim J, Boyer J, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Inclusion of Vpr accessory gene in a plasmid vaccine cocktail markedly reduces Nef vaccine effectiveness in vivo resulting in CD4 cell loss and increased viral loads in rhesus macaques. J Med Primatol. 2002 Aug;31(4-5);179-85. PMID: 12390540 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

54) Muthumani K, Zhang D, Hwang DS, Kudchodkar S, Dayes NS, Desai MB, Malik AS, Yang JS, Chattergoon MA, Maguire HC Jr, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Adenovirus encoding HIV-1 Vpr activates caspase 9 and induces apoptotic cell death in both p53 positive and negative human tumor cell lines. Oncogene. 2002 Jul 11;21(30):4613-25. PMID: 12096338 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

53) Ayyavoo V, Muthumani K, Kudchodkar S, Zhang D, Ramanathan P, Dayes NS, Kim JJ, Sin JI, Montaner LJ, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 viral protein R compromises cellular immune function in vivo. Int Immunol. 2002 Jan;14(1):13-22. PMID: 11751747 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

52) Muthumani K, Hwang DS, Desai BM, Zhang D, Dayes N, Green DR, Weiner DB. HIV-1 Vpr induces apoptosis through caspase 9 in T cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Biol Chem. 2002. 277:37820-37831.

51) Mirani M, Elenkov I, Volpi S, Hiroi N, Chrousos GP, Kino T. HIV-1 protein Vpr suppresses IL-12 production from human monocytes by enhancing glucocorticoid action: potential implications of Vpr coactivator activity for the innate and cellular immunity deficits observed in HIV-1 infection. J Immunol. 2002. 169:6361-6368.

50) Ramanathan MP, Curley E 3rd, Su M, Chambers JA, Weiner DB. Carboxyl terminus of hVIP/mov34 is critical for HIV-1-Vpr interaction and glucocorticoid-mediated signaling. J Biol Chem. 2002. 277:47854-4760.

49) Muthumani K, Hwang DS, Dayes NS, Kim JJ, Weiner DB. The HIV-1 accessory gene vpr can inhibit antigen-specific immune function. DNA Cell Biol. 2002. 21:689-695.

48) Muthumani K, D. Zhang, D. S. Hwang, S. Kudchodkar, N.S. Dayes, B.M. Desai, A.S. Malik, J-. S. Yang, M.A. Chattergoon, H.C. Maguire, D, B. Weiner. Adenovirus encoding HIV-1 Vpr activates caspase 9 and induces apoptotic cell death in both p53 positive and negative human tumor cell lines. Oncogene 2002. 21:4613-25.

47) Yang JS, Kim JJ, Hwang D, Choo AY, Dang K, Maguire H, Kudchodkar S, Ramanathan MP, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Induction of potent Th1-type immune responses from a novel DNA vaccine for West Nile virus New York isolate (WNV-NY1999). J Infect Dis. 2001 Oct 1;184(7):809-16. Epub 2001 Aug 29. PMID: 11550123 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

46) Kim JJ, Yang JS, Nottingham LK, Tang W, Dang K, Manson KH, Wyand MS, Wilson DM, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Induction of immune responses and safety profiles in rhesus macaques immunized with a DNA vaccine expressing human prostate specific antigen. Oncogene. 2001 Jul 27;20(33):4497-506. PMID: 11494145 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

45) Kim JJ, Yang JS, Nottingham LK, Lee DJ, Lee M, Manson KH, Wyand MS, Boyer JD, Ugen KE, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Protection from immunodeficiency virus challenges in rhesus macaques by multicomponent DNA immunization. Virology. 2001 Jul 5;285(2):204-17. PMID: 11437655 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

44) Kim JJ, Yang JS, Manson KH, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Modulation of antigen-specific cellular immune responses to DNA vaccination in rhesus macaques through the use of IL-2, IFN-gamma, or IL-4 gene adjuvants. Vaccine. 2001 Mar 21;19(17-19):2496-505. PMID: 11257383 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

43) Kim JJ, Yang JS, Dang K, Manson KH, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Engineering enhancement of immune responses to DNA-based vaccines in a prostate cancer model in rhesus macaques through the use of cytokine gene adjuvants. Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Mar:7(3 Suppl):882s-889s. PMID: 11300487 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

42) Yasuda J, Miyao T, Kamata M, Aida Y, Iwakura Y., 2001. T Cell Apoptosis Causes Peripheral T Cell Depletion in Mice Transgenic for the HIV-1 vpr Gene. Virology. 285:181-92.

41) Muthumani K, Kudchodkar S, Papasavvas E, Montaner LJ, Weiner DB, Ayyavoo V. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 Vpr regulates expression of beta chemokines in human primary lymphocytes and macrophages. J Leukoc Biol. 2000 Sep;68(3):366-72. PMID: 10985253 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

40) Kim JJ, Yang JS, VanCott TC, Lee DJ, Manson KH, Wyand MS, Boyer JD, Ugen KE, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Modulation of antigen-specific humoral responses in rhesus macaques by using cytokine cDNAs as DNA vaccine adjuvants. J Virol. 2000 Apr;74(7):3429-9. PMID: 10708463 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

39) Muthumani K, Montaner LJ, Ayyavoo v, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Lings. Vpr-GFP virion particle identifies HIV-infected targets and preserves HIV-1 Vpr function in macrophages and T-cells. DNA Cell Biol. 2000 Mar;19(3):179-88. PMID: 10749170 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

38) Ayyavoo V, Kudchodkar S, Ramanathan MP, Le P, Muthumani K, Megalai NM, Dentchev T, Santiago-Barrios L, Mrinalini C, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Immunogenicity of a novel DNA vaccine cassette expressing multiple human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) accessory genes. AIDS. 2000 Jan 7;14(1):1-9. PMID: 10714562 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

37) Toy EP, Rodriguez-Rodriguez L, McCance D, Ludlow J, Planelles V. 2000. Induction of cell-cycle arrest in Ovarian cancer cells by the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R. Obstet Gynecol. 95:141-6.

36) Kim JJ, Tsai A, Nottingham LK, Morrison L, Cunning DM, Oh J, Lee DJ, Dang K, Dentchev T, Chalian AA, Agadjanyan MG, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 modulates beta chemokines and directly costimulates T cells in vivo. J Clin Invest. 1999 Mar:103(6):869-77. PMID: 10079108 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

35) Shostak LD, Ludlow J, Fisk J, Pursell S, Rimel BJ, Nguyen D, Rosenblatt JD, Planelles V. 1999. Roles of p53 and caspases in the induction of cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by HIV-1 vpr. Exp Cell Res. 251:156-65.

34) Jacotot E, Ravagnan L, Loeffler M, Ferri KF, Vieira HL, Zamzami N, Costantini P, Druillennec S, Hoebeke J, Briand JP, Irinopoulou T, Daugas E, Susin SA, Cointe D, Xie ZH, Reed JC, Roques BP, Kroemer G. 1999. The HIV-1 viral protein R induces apoptosis via a direct effect on the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. J Exp Med. 191:33-46.

33) Jacotot E, Ferri KF, El Hamel C, Brenner C, Druillennec S, Hoebeke J, Rustin P, Metivier D, Lenoir C, Geuskens M, Vieira HL, Loeffler M, Belzacq AS, Briand JP, Zamzami N, Edelman L, Xie ZH, Reed JC, Roques BP, Kroemer G. 2001. Control of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization by adenine nucleotide translocator interacting with HIV-1 viral protein rR and Bcl-2. J Exp Med. 193:509-19.

32) Kim JJ, Trivedi NN, Wilson DM, Mahalingam S, Morrison L, Tsai A, Chattergoon MA, Dang K, Patel M, Ahn L, Boyer JD, Chalian AA, Schoemaker H, Kieber-Emmons T, Agadjanyan MA, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Molecular and immunological analysis of genetic prostate specific antigen (PSA) vaccine. Oncogene. 1998 Dec 17;17(24):3125-35. Erratum in: Oncogene 1999 Apr 8;18(14):2411. Shoemaker H [corrected to Schoemaker H]. PMID: 9872328 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

31) Kim JJ, Nottingham LK, Sin JI, Tsai A, Morrison L, Oh J, Dang K, Hu Y, Kazahaya K, Bennett M, Dentchev T, Wilson DM, Chalian AA, Boyer JD, Agadjanyan MG, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. CD8 positive T cells influence antigen-specific immune responses through the expression of chemokines. J Clin Invest. 1998 Sep 15;102(6):1112-24. PMID: 9739045 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

30) MacGregor RR, Boyer JD, Ugen KE, Lacy KE, Gluckman SJ, Bagarazzi ML, Chattergoon MA, Baine Y, Higgins TJ, Ciccarelli RB, Coney LR, Ginsberg RS, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. First human trial of a DNA-based vaccine for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: safety and host response. J Infect Dis. 1998 Jul;178(1):92-100. PMID: 9652427 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

29) Mahalingam S, Ayyavoo V, Patel M, Kieber-Emmons T, Kao GD, Muschel RJ, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 Vpr interacts with a human 34-kDa mov34 homologue, a cellular factor linked to the G2/M phase transition of the mammalian cell cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Mar 31;95(7):3419-24. PMID: 9520381 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

28) Kim JJ, Trivedi NN, Nottingham LK, Morrison L, Tsai A, Hu Y, Mahalingam S, Dang K, Ahn L, Doyle NK, Wilson DM, Chattergood MA, Chalian AA, Boyer JD, Agadjanyan MG, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Modulation of amplitude and direction of in vivo immune responses by coadministration of cytokine gene expression cassettes with DNA immunogens. Eur J Immunol. 1998 Mar;28(3):1089-103. PMID: 9541605 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

27) Ayyavoo V, Mahboubi A, Mahalingam S, Ramalingam R, Kudchodkar S, Williams WV, Green DR, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 Vpr suppresses immune activation and apoptosis through regulation of nuclear factor kappa B. Nat Med. 1997 Oct;3(10):1117-23. PMID: 9334723 [PubMed- indexed for MEDLINE].

26) Mahalingam S, Ayyavoo V, Patel M, Kieber-Emmons T, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Nuclear import, virion incorporation, and cell cycle arrest/differentiation are mediated by distinct functional domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr. J Virol. 1997 Sep;71(9):6339-47. PMID: 9261351 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

25) Ayyavoo V, Mahalingam S, Rafaeli Y, Kudchodkar S, Chang D, Nagashunmugam T, Williams WV, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) regulates replication and cellular proliferation in T cells and monocytoid cells in vitro. J Leukoc Biol. 1997 Jul;62(1):93-9. Review. PMID: 9225999 [ PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

24) Boyer JD, Ugen KE, Wang B, Agadjanyan M, Gilbert L, Bagarazzi ML, Chattergoon M, Frost P, Javadian A, Williams WV, Refaeli Y, Ciccarelli RB, McCallus D, Coney L, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. Protection of chimpanzees from high-dose hetergologous HIV-1 challenge by DNA vaccinations. Nat Med. 1997 May;3(5):526-32. PMID: 9142121 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

23) Mahalingam S, MacDonald B, Ugen KE, Ayyavoo V, Agadjanyan MG, Williams WV, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. In vitro and in vivo tumor growth suppression by HIV-1 Vpr. DNA Cell Biol. 1997 Feb;16(2):137-43. PMID: 9052734 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

22) Ayyavoo V, Rafeli Y, Nagashunmugam T, Mahalingham S, Phung MT, Hamam A, Williams WV, Weiner DB. Related Articles, Links. HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) as a regulator of the target cell. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 1997;22 Suppl 1:S41-9. Review. PMID: 9264146 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

21) Tokushige K, Wakita T, Pachuk C, Moradpour D, Weiner DB, Zurawski VR Jr, Wands JR. Related Articles, Links. Expression and immune response to hepatitis C virus core DNA-based vaccine constructs. Hepatology. 1996 Jul;24(1):14-20. PMID: 8707253 [PubMed – indexed for MEDLINE].

20) Fletcher TM III, Brichacek B, Sharova N, Newman MA, Stivahtis G, Sharp PM, Emerman M, Hahn BH, Stevenson M. 1996.Nuclear import and cell cycle arrest functions of the HIV-1 Vpr protein are encoded by two separate genes in HIV-2/SIV(SM). EMBO J. 15:6155-65.

19) Macreadie IG, Castelli LA, Hewish DR, Kirkpatrick A, Ward AC, Azad AA. 1995. A domain of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr containing repeated H(S/F)RIG amino acid motifs causes cell growth arrest and structural defects. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 92:2770-4.

18) Kino T, Gragerov A, Kopp JB, Stauber RH, Pavlakis GN, Chrousos GP. 1999. The HIV-1 virion-associated protein vpr is a coactivator of the human glucocorticoid receptor. J Exp Med. 189:51-62.

17) Yao XJ, Mouland AJ, Subbramanian RA, Forget J, Rougeau N, Bergeron D, Cohen EA. 1998. Vpr stimulates viral expression and induces cell killing in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected dividing Jurkat T cells. J Virol. 72:4686-93.

16) He J, Choe S, Walker R, Di Marzio P, Morgan DO, Landau NR. 1995. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 viral protein R (Vpr) arrests cells in the G2 phase of the cell cycle by inhibiting p34cdc2 activity. J Virol. 69:6705-11.

15) Sherman MP, de Noronha CM, Pearce D, Greene WC. 2000. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr contains two leucine-rich helices that mediate glucocorticoid receptor coactivation independently of its effects on G(2) cell cycle arrest. J Virol. 74:8159-65.

14) Henklein P, Bruns K, Sherman MP, Tessmer U, Licha K, Kopp J, de Noronha CM, Greene WC, Wray V, Schubert U. 2000. Functional and structural characterization of synthetic HIV-1 Vpr that transduces cells, localizes to the nucleus, and induces G2 cell cycle arrest. J Biol Chem. 13;275:32016-26.

13) J.B. Jowett, V. Planelles, B. Poon, N.P. Shah, M.L. Chen, and I.S. Chen. 1995. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vpr gene arrests infected T cells in the G2 + M phase of the cell cycle. J. Virol. 69: 6304-6313.

12) Sheila A. Stewart, Betty Poon, Joo Y. Song, and Irvin S. Y. Chen. 2000. Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Vpr Induces Apoptosis through Caspase Activation J. Virol. 74: 3105-3111

11) SA Stewart, B Poon, JB Jowett, and IS Chen. 1999. Lentiviral delivery of HIV-1 Vpr protein induces apoptosis in transformed cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. Oct 12;96:12039-43.

10) SA Stewart, B Poon, JB Jowett, and IS Chen. 1997. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr induces apoptosis following cell cycle arrest. J. Virol. 71: 5579-5592.

9) Refaeli, Y., D. N. Levy, and D. B. Weiner. 1995. The glucocorticoid receptor type II complex is a target of the HIV-1 vpr gene product. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 92:3621-3625.

8) Mahalingam, S., V. Ayyavoo, M. Patel, T. Kieber-Emmons, and D. B. Weiner. 1997. Nuclear import, virion incorporation, and cell cycle arrest/differentiation are mediated by distinct functional domains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpr. J Virol. 71:6339-6347.

7) Levy, D. N., Y. Refaeli, and D. B. Weiner. 1995. Extracellular Vpr protein increases cellular permissiveness to human immunodeficiency virus replication and reactivates virus from latency. J Virol. 69:1243-1252.

6) Levy, D. N., Y. Refaeli, R. R. MacGregor, and D. B. Weiner. 1994. Serum Vpr regulates productive infection and latency of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 91:10873-10877.

5) Mahalingam, S., V. Ayyavoo, M. Patel, T. Kieber-Emmons, G. D. Kao, R. J. Muschel, and D. B. Weiner. 1998. HIV-1 Vpr interacts with a human 34-kDa mov34 homologue, a cellular factor linked to the G2/M phase transition of the mammalian cell cycle. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 95:3419-3424.

4) Ayyavoo, V., S. Mahalingam, Y. Rafaeli, S. Kudchodkar, D. Chang, T. Nagashunmugam, W. V. Williams, and D. B. Weiner. 1997. HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) regulates viral replication and cellular proliferation in T cells and monocytoid cells in vitro. J Leukoc Biol. 62:93-99.

3) Mahalingam, S., B. MacDonald, K. E. Ugen, V. Ayyavoo, M. G. Agadjanyan, W. V. Williams, and D. B. Weiner. 1997. In vitro and in vivo tumor growth suppression by HIV-1 Vpr. DNA Cell Biol. 16:137-143.

2) Ayyavoo, V., A. Mahboubi, S. Mahalingam, R. Ramalingam, S. Kudchodkar, W. V. Williams, D. R. Green, and D. B. Weiner. 1997. HIV-1 Vpr suppresses immune activation and apoptosis through regulation of nuclear factor kappa B [see comments]. Nat Med. 3:1117-1123.

1) Levy, D. N., L. S. Fernandes, W. V. Williams, and D. B. Weiner. 1993. Induction of cell differentiation by human immunodeficiency virus 1 vpr. Cell. 72:541-550.